https://www.minnlab.org/index daily 0.75 2024-08-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/b8eaedc2-3d56-468d-83ca-10f234ef3951/Invasion.jpg Index Examples of damage or danger signals in cancer that can activate PRR and interferon signaling. This include interaction between cancer cells and stromal cells, genomic instability of cancer cells, and other dysregulated processes in cancer that increase cellular stress. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568610793570-UUOTB3WBSN8T77I2P1M0/PRR+consequences+simplified.png Index Summary of some of the consequences resulting from cancer cell PRR activation. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/442248eb-a608-4a9c-b2d8-be436a95b4da/Virus+and+PRRs.jpg Index Outline of PRR signaling that typically occurs after cells are infected with a virus. This results in interferon production and induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568600023385-P7JDS0424U96UY5AHWVR/ISG+across+cancers.png Index Heatmap of interferon-stimulated genes expressed across many human cancers. Each column is a tumor and each row is an interferon-stimulated gene. Yellow indicates high expression and blue indicates low expression. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642964693564-OMY9QWWPD0FFNIWAIPJ4/Mirjam.jpg Index - Mirjam Boelens https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642964704384-MEDMQPD9EUDHOP73ASLH/Barzin.jpg Index - Barzin Nabet https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642964714599-5CGM8N6YYA4F7QGG9F7X/Tony.jpeg Index - Tony Wu https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642964733948-F879DMRQAJMJZ8YWI8QL/Bihui.jpg Index - Bihui Melidosian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568600923636-73G73TN8D04H1TC4VI6F/Stromal+exosome+transfer.png Index Depiction of events that occur when cancer cells interact with fibroblasts. The first step is activation of the fibroblasts. This is followed by exosome secretion, transfer to cancer cells, and activation of cancer cell PRRs by the stromal RNA. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568602337185-F4UD6IZA1NF9YIQDGOFJ/Unshielded+RN7SL1.png Index Top plot compares RNA from cells to RNA from exosomes by examining both abundance (x-axis) and amount of unshielding (y-axis, where degree of unshielding is indicated by negative values). Bottom shows protein expression for SRP9 and SRP14 in cells and exosomes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568655084996-CGVOIJ8RPTD64QCS2KLO/Acute+vs+chronic+virus+mimicry.png Index Summary of the opposing functions of IFN signaling in cancer immunotherapy. Therapies such as radiation can enhance immune response by mimicking features of an acute virus infection. However, persistent disease may impose immune suppression by borrowing cues from a chronic virus infection. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642976148273-IW5UPYZFRGEC1XHWR49Y/Joseph.jpg Index - Joseph Benci https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642976379187-L6X5Y7W62L80VH5PHKYN/Lex%2BJohnson.jpg Index - Lex Johnson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642976202653-TRZU2VRVXF7VIRRLZLLC/Darwin.png Index - Darwin Ye https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642976233366-XHH9QEE80RHBERSM4AQD/JIngya.jpeg Index - Jingya Qiu https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568618767218-ACHO8EJ1CVPPLT4STK9H/ISG+ratio.png Index IFN signaling, and hence ISG levels, in immune cells versus cancer cells have opposite effects on likelihood of clinical response to immune checkpoint blockade. Top shows expression of cancer-associated ISGs and immune-associated ISGs in melanoma patients colored by response to anti-PD1. Bottom shows relationship between the ISG ratio and response to immunotherapy. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568618672587-XX8HNAY2E3TPWL25TDCI/CTL+and+NK+killing+with+IFNGR+KO.png Index Preventing cancer cell IFNG signaling enables CD8 T cells to kill tumors with adequate neoantigens and MHC-I expression. In tumors with poor neoantigens or MHC-I expression, the CD8 T cells cannot kill but the increased production of IFNG can promote tumor killing by NK/ILC1s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568615717728-61XHFY1Z0SLAETIOB5TN/Immune+cell+ISG+after+IFNGR+KO.png Index Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis on immune cells in either wild type tumors or tumors with IFNG receptor deleted in cancer cells. Top plot is a density plot that shows the relative frequency of immune cells. Bottom plot shows expression levels of immune-associated ISGs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568615204695-M1QS8XJR66SRU3KCFV37/Good+and+bad+IFN.png Index IFN signaling can have favorable effects on the immune system but can also have inhibitory effects. Cancers can exploit this latter function to promote immune suppression. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642974943547-X3F2DNIP8ZG1PFJT4JVE/Tina.jpg Index - Tina Twyman-Saint Victor https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642974979499-2J6JPNSOL1BP9OV6SSBW/Andrew.jpg Index - Andrew Rech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642975042592-XQDB1ZD56J6Y0KNJ0WY0/Shane.jpg Index - Shane Harding https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642975056825-9G5K3MEDD58GWJQVAGW7/Joseph.jpg Index - Joseph Benci https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568604811105-CQV9RKW8JELJT4WLN4N8/Micronuclei+and+retroelements.png Index Cancer cells before and after irradiation. After radiation, micronuclei are generated and retroelements are de-repressed. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568606316361-UKE57PG5Z5I3VWKFJFNQ/PRRs+and+DNA+damage.png Index Depiction of how endogenous DNA (e.g., micronuclei) and endogenous RNA (e.g., retroelements) can activation pattern recognition receptors like viruses do, resulting in interferon and interferon-stimulated genes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/47d35f50-68f8-4390-8562-09e308e367e5/T+Cell+changes+after+RT.png Index After tumor irradiation, T cells in unirradiated tumors expand. Upon addition of immune checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-CTLA4 and anti-PDL1), some of these T cells additionally expand in the peripheral blood. These expanded T cells have distinct T cell receptor (TCR) properties, suggesting antigen-driven selection. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568609487587-EZ6Z2ONKF5FO0VVYP282/Mice+and+patient+abscopal.png Index Improved survival in mice bearing melanoma tumors after radiation plus anti-CTLA4. Response of unirradiated (abscopal) tumors when radiation is used with immune checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PD1) can be observed in patients as well. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568606776864-NQVCF9VZJLTO9WB54ES5/Antigenicity+and+adjuvanticity.png Index Immune functions improved by genotoxic therapies include better antigen processing and recognition (antigenicity) and better engagement of innate immune cells to facilitate T cell function (adjuvanticity). Both of these are heavily influenced IFN-I and IFNG. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/7435d9b9-1201-40a9-88e1-0f2c4dedffea/RN7SL1+effect+on+myeloid+DCs.jpg Index RN7SL1 delivered by CAR-T cells promotes immunostimulatory features in myeloid and dendritic cells (DCs) in the tumor. RN7SL1 prevents MDSC polarization, increases plasmacytoid DC frequency, and increases expression of co-stimulatory genes (e.g., CD86) and decreases expression of inhibitory gene (e.g., PDL1) in DCs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642977762920-6K9UITS5Z5DDIF7AOIB5/Lex+Johnson.jpg Index - Lex Johnson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642983499205-B3SWXEVARVWDR39PBQ6B/Daniel.jpg Index - Daniel Lee https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642977829606-77HS32NDG3DEM6FH8UM2/Jacqueline+Eacret.png Index - Jacqueline Eacret https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/08fd13a8-0c66-474f-9790-ee90d7661ba3/RN7SL1+CART+cells+deliver+RNA.png Index Design of CAR-T cells that deliver RN7SL1 using extracellular vesicles (EVs). CAR-T cell RNA in EVs is labelled with SytoRNA and transfer to cells in the tumor is followed by flow cytometry. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/09237f07-f1f1-4748-9285-aaa1a6a9c11d/CART+cells+with+peptide+and+RN7SL1.png Index - Make it stand out CAR-T cells can use EVs to co-deploy RN7SL1 and peptide antigen to endogenous immune cells and cancer cells to increase efficacy against poorly immunogenic tumors. Shown here is presentation of the peptide on the surface of cancer cells and immune cells. With both RN7SL1 and peptide antigen, these CAR-T cells are active even against KP lung cancer tumors, which have poor neoantigens AND is mixed 1:1 with CAR antigen negative cells. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/3e494990-3ace-462d-b2a5-9ba8169d44e8/Summary+of+CART+effects.png Index - Make it stand out Summary of how CAR-T cells that co-deliver RN7SL1 and peptide antigen can recruit endogenous anti-tumor immunity and enhance autonomous CAR-T cell function to improve efficacy, especially against tumors under threat of CAR antigen loss and/or that are poorly immunogenic. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/997b01b1-34d9-4cd1-8757-869f8125dec9/RN7SL1+cancer+vs+immune+cells.png Index Chronic IFN signaling in cancer cells can promote immunotherapy resistance. One strategy to improve the effectiveness of using agonists that activate IFN signaling in the TME is to deliver the agonist preferentially to immune cells. Shown here is the use of RN7SL1 (7SL), an endogenous RNA that activates RNA PRRs to increase IFN signaling. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/43daebe2-0c19-4bd7-a113-7f35627f2a9c/RN7SL1+effect+on+T+cells.png Index - Make it stand out CAR-T cells that deliver RN7SL1 recruits endogenous tumor-reactive CD8 T cells with effector-memory features into the tumor. These RN7SL1-CAR-T cells can now reject tumors even when half of the cancer cells do not express the CAR antigen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642977043808-LWGZ5F16ISWTJ5J59LJT/Lisa+Cucolo+02.jpg Index - Lisa Cucolo https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642977087993-XNFQY0QVPW8KMRGOW635/Qingzhou.jpg Index - Qingzhou Chen https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/e1bfc3d1-849b-484f-a0f4-76df685a379c/RIPK1+improves+ICB.png Index - Make it stand out Multiple cytokines that promote the accumulation of ARG1+ suppressive myeloid cells are decreased in the absence of cancer cell RIPK1. This is accompanied by increased sensitivity to immune-mediated killing and improved ICB response. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/36a8681d-2b5e-47b2-a6ff-14b4bf2b7a18/Identifying+bad+ISGs.jpg Index Chronic IFN signaling in cancer cells leads to high expression of cancer-associated ISGs and immune dysfunction. But which ISGs expressed by cancer cells are responsible for this feedback inhibition and how does this work? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/939e0f47-0efd-4b7e-9e41-4d03a40521e6/RIPK1+is+a+bad+ISG.jpg Index RIPK1 is an IFNG-regulated ISG in cancer cells. When IFNG signaling is blocked in ICB-resistant cancer cells, RIPK1 expression goes down. Across human tumors, RIPK1 levels increase due to DNA copy number aberrations. This is associated with worse patient survival. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/892a1558-4433-4475-a1e7-dc015eecaf3a/RIPK1+blocks+NFkB.png Index RIPK1 directs TNFSF receptor signaling through complex I, which promotes NFkB-driven cell survival and suppressive cytokine production (follow red arrows in the pathway depiction, grey arrows indicate less active signaling). In the absence of RIPK1, NFkB activity decreases as complex II is favored. This inhibit suppressive cytokine production and sensitizes to cell death. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/2f6f316c-d5ff-415c-ae84-c9fba9811a49/Circumventing+T+cell+exhaustion.png Index T cell clonotype (aR.C1) generated after anti-RANKL possesses TCR with auto-reactive features. This T cell is primed in the lymph node, has enhanced TCR signaling strength, and becomes effector-memory T cells in the tumor. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/d8f590a3-2556-4b2b-9a36-a55db6ed4ecf/aRANKL+repertoire.png Index Interrupting central tolerance with anti-RANKL alters the T cell repertoire against the TRP2 tumor self-antigen after ICB. TCRs possess auto-reactive features within amino acids that contact peptide/MHC and show higher affinity against TRP2. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/2db5d9ab-5ad3-4b33-96e7-d9c4ea077f0e/aRANKL+improves+ICB.jpg Index - Make it stand out Transiently interfering with central tolerance generates a T cell repertoire that improves ICB against otherwise resistant tumors with depletion of strong neoantigens. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642978137340-QFO1Y8JT7OK3Z9GJFXFY/Erica.jpeg Index - Erica Dhuey https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642978154315-HIDGVLDSRT60KT326LSG/Olivia.jpg Index - Olivia Oldridge https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/ddb9b2ab-15f9-45e0-8b03-d879c3b0045c/Immunoediting+and+central+tolerance.png Index The tumor-reactive T cell repertoire is limited by immunoediting and central tolerance. T cells with strong TCRs against neoantigens and tumor self-antigens are often scarce. How does this impact the propensity of tumor-infiltrating T cells to become exhausted vs. effector-memory (bottom)? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/20b7aa84-3e7e-4e83-b40c-ccc84bb6d5d7/Reversing+epigenetic+changes+and+JAKi.jpg Index - Make it stand out Amplified IFN-I signaling by immunotherapy resistant cancer cells maintains the epigenetic features of inflammatory memory through STAT1 and IRF3. Shown are chromatin accessibility of inflammatory memory domains and for OAS1 (top). Blocking chronic IFN signaling using JAK inhibitors can improve anti-PD1 efficacy of otherwise ICB-resistant tumors (bottom). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/a017ccfb-4c61-487b-8dad-9a21609753ab/Inflammatory+memory+overview.jpg Index Epigenetically encoded inflammatory memory in health and disease. Chronic inflammation can lead to adaptive responses in various cell types, enabling tissues and host to better avoid potential detrimental effects of persistent inflammation. In diseases such as cancer, inflammatory memory may be co-opted. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/2b1125ce-5ad8-4ca6-a9d0-8b8add2ee1b8/Oas1+chromatin+accessibility.jpg Index - Make it stand out Epigenetic features of inflammatory memory acquired by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) resistant tumors in mice (top) and human tumors with low CD8 T cell activity (bottom). Shown is chromatin accessibility around the OAS1 gene. In mouse tumors, IFN signaling was prevented by STAT1 KO, demonstrating persistent chromatin accessibility consistent with inflammatory memory. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1711122989804-ZD5Z01ZBV7NN15QCDTR4/JIngya.jpeg Index - Jingya Qiu https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1711122999934-ZDSZJU93A0U1JCEQ57A0/Bihui.jpg Index - Bihui Melidosian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1ea8397c-975b-4735-bcb3-8f351ab46f8f/OAS1+amplifies+IFN+response.jpg Index - Make it stand out OAS1 is an inflammatory memory gene that amplifies IFN-I signaling and the expression of a subset of ISGs in immunotherapy resistant cancer cells. Shown is IFN-I production and ISG expression after stimulation with polyI:C, an agent that activates IFN signaling (left), and expression of ISGs in resistant melanoma and breast cancer cells with and without OAS1 knockout (right). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/17c3b33f-8082-40cf-bf8c-de44d1a3a9ff/CD8+T+cell+and+DC+interaction.jpg Index - Make it stand out Preventing IFN-I signaling in ICB-resistant cancer cells improves predicted interactions between CD8 T cells and dendritic cells and increases the proportion of non-exhausted effector-like CD8 T cells in the tumor after anti-PD1 treatment. Shown are single-cell data for dendritic cells and CD8 T cell subtypes in the tumor (top). These immune changes are associated with restored response to anti-PD1 (bottom). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/d1083c61-d0a5-4680-b3d2-011b4e14e6e6/Untitled.png Index - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642464587844-KZ3QOM5SAH48N5W6LTAR/CART+RN7SL+for+index+color.png Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642464669996-L3AVSWVCBE5VLKINPZHR/Cancer+and+T+cell+for+Index+color.png Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642465213507-3ZNNIZ5JJQ48W4KEKOR9/Stromal+exosome+transfer+for+index+color.png Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642466782944-30PV2TDRK5F6RSA5IDH1/RT+and+cancer+cell+for+index+color.png Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642566172657-YHE4FKBK4FHBQEW46Z15/RIPK1+for+index+color.png Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1642963633389-HWALWG1KTQB3RCA0V3W4/aRANKL+for+index+color.png Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1711125174693-VTCB4M47CLPWLCLOS1WJ/Inflammatory%2Bmemory%2Bfor%2BIndex.jpg Index https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1723771499468-CI8NI9BJ93ALSXHYI86P/JAKi+trial+summary+for+index.png Index https://www.minnlab.org/opportunities daily 0.75 2019-12-06 https://www.minnlab.org/people daily 0.75 2022-01-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568249667047-BKVUPFWB3SB5VJH1CNT2/Professional%2Bphoto%2B1.jpg Lab Members https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568211923564-TSD10N97QPOPQ3UMBK69/image.png Lab Members https://www.minnlab.org/publications daily 0.75 2024-08-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1723772640400-95TLATDNB17ZPNSZXWN6/Mathew+Science+2024.png Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1710938260498-DWD8DZUO3RBV3K9M2RDE/Memon+Cancer+Cell+2024.png Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1710938278571-HAMOKWC82MUL4EADFKD1/Qiu+Nature+Cancer+2023.png Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1649820564548-YHWRYSOQC2PNWI51SFJW/Cucolo+Immunity+2022.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1630633440188-0N7P7IBLCYEAIR1PE4H2/Johnson+Cell+2021.png Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237570909-IJE8PHK4ZM4NOM2CLUTL/Benci+Cell+2019.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237622355-SR22VHZKOPVYHLOP449W/Patel+Immunity+2018.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237633687-LI5947Z9LUUSDV9C7X13/Harding+Nature+2017.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237647808-8EIPJTG19YLDB53U0G75/Nabet+Cell+2017.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237658754-WWYR6PH5W6XUYMT3WYVV/Benci+Cell+2016.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237677864-1MA7Z0VMGQZYOFU3SQX3/Twyman-Saint+Victor+Nature+2015.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237689466-O1WLO1CQYV5PC0SKHGX4/Boelens+Cell+2014.jpg Publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575237699631-2M5K801Z7VZUSSTEXSIP/Weichselbaum+PNAS+2008.jpg Publications https://www.minnlab.org/contact daily 0.75 2019-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568592955952-CK4CBZ0L4XLXTAOLM2PQ/BRB+building.png Contact Biomedical Research Building at the University of Pennsylvania. https://www.minnlab.org/litbot daily 0.75 2024-03-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1569094880404-P14NDM03XUP62JON087V/hiclipart.com-id_mwrhp.png LitBot https://www.minnlab.org/home daily 1.0 2024-08-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568286915613-IKMKCIEI0CMEX94E533I/Cancer+cell.png Home v2 Cancer cell https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1575532125521-XO1OX5L2AFR8LESDDTIW/T%2Bcell%2Bcancer%2Bcell%2Breduced%2Bwith%2Blogo.jpg Home v2 - Minn Lab @ The University of Pennsylvania Cancer Biology and Cancer Immunology Principal Investigator: Andy Minn, MD, PhD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1574815300716-7ZBY21OJ13WYY9QO5IY0/MFCIIR%252Blogo.jpg Home v2 - How We Science Together The Mark Foundation Center for Immunotherapy, Immune Signaling, and Radiation https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568286597778-VL3E5066XFBQNEUA42UE/Cancer+and+T+cell.png Home v2 Cancer cell and T cell https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d78ec17b712a906ae26d898/1568286610617-65XWDHNMXM5RSABSVVNV/Radiation+cancer+and+T+cell.png Home v2 Irradiated cancer cell and T cell